{"id":823,"date":"2016-01-04T18:17:56","date_gmt":"2016-01-04T18:17:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ashianahousing.com\/real-estate-blog\/?p=823"},"modified":"2016-01-04T18:17:56","modified_gmt":"2016-01-04T18:17:56","slug":"14-things-most-people-dont-know-about-parkinsons-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ashianahousing.com\/real-estate-blog\/14-things-most-people-dont-know-about-parkinsons-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"14 Things Most People Don&#8217;t Know About Parkinson Disease"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>What is Parkinson disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Parkinson\u2019s disease is a chronic neurological disorder characterized mainly by problems with body movements, although other symptoms may also be present. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and one of the most common movement disorders.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>It occurs when the brain\u2019s nerve cells (called neurons) degenerate, leading to a shortage of dopamine \u2013 a neurotransmitter involved in controlling body movements.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As Parkinson\u2019s progresses with time, the amount of dopamine produced by the brain decreases, leaving a person unable to control movement normally.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Parkinson\u2019s disease is life altering but not life threatening.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"900\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wwTWaD5jKOE\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><br><br>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Who can develop Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Parkinson\u2019s disease generally affects people who are more than 60 years old, though younger people may also develop it (rare). The risk of developing Parkinson\u2019s increases with age, and it affects both men and women \u2013 though men are 50%[i] more likely to get it than women.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>According to the&nbsp;<em>U.S. National Library of Medicine,&nbsp;<\/em>an estimated 1\u20132% of individuals above the age of 65 years are affected by Parkinson\u2019s, and more than 4% of the population by the age of 85 years.[ii]&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>What are the common risk factors associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The most common risk factors associated with Parkinson\u2019s disease are:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>Age:<\/strong>&nbsp;Young people rarely get Parkinson\u2019s disease, which generally begins in middle or late life. People normally develop the disease at the age of 60 or more.<\/p>\n<br>\n<p><strong>Heredity:<\/strong>&nbsp;The chances of developing Parkinson\u2019s disease increase&nbsp;<em>slightly<\/em>&nbsp;if a close relative suffers from this disease. However, the risks are still very low unless many relatives in the family suffer from this condition.<\/p>\n<br>\n<p><strong>Gender:<\/strong>&nbsp;Men are generally more likely to develop Parkinson\u2019s disease than women.<\/p><br>\n<p><strong>Environmental Factors,&nbsp;<\/strong>such as:<\/li>\n<\/p>\n<ul><li><p>&nbsp;Exposure to toxins like chemical pesticides<\/p><\/li>\n\n<li><p>&nbsp;Head injuries<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<br>\n<p><strong>What are the most common symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The<em>four&nbsp;<\/em>key&nbsp;<em>motor symptoms<\/em>&nbsp;of Parkinson\u2019s disease are:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Tremors (hands, arms, legs, jaw)<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Stiffness or rigidity (arms, legs, trunk)<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Slowness of movement<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Postural imbalance (i.e. poor balance and coordination)<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Non-motor symptoms<\/em>&nbsp;of Parkinson\u2019s disease may include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul><li><p>&nbsp;Muscle Pain<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Confusion<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Fatigue<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Sleep disturbances<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Depression<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Constipation<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Cognitive changes<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Fear or anxiety<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Urinary problems<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-gallery columns-1 is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\"><li class=\"blocks-gallery-item\"><figure><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.ashianahousing.com\/real-estate-blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/blog-image-13.jpg\" alt=\"\" data-id=\"2335\" data-link=\"https:\/\/www.ashianahousing.com\/real-estate-blog\/14-things-most-people-dont-know-about-parkinsons-disease\/blog-image-16\/\" class=\"wp-image-2335\"\/><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>An important thing to remember is that&nbsp;<em>symptoms can vary from person to person<\/em>. Early stage symptoms may be barely noticeable \u2013 such as a very&nbsp;<em>slight<\/em>&nbsp;shaking of hands, difficulty in walking and\/or postural imbalance. However, over time the symptoms may get progressively worse.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>How many people have Parkinson\u2019s disease in India?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although many contradictory figures exist, it is estimated that at least 6 million[iii] Indians suffer from Parkinson\u2019s disease. This number will continue to grow with rising aging population and life expectancy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Although the risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease increases with age, statistics show that men are slightly more likely to develop Parkinson\u2019s disease than women.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><strong>What causes Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Like many neurological disorders, the exact cause of Parkinson\u2019s disease is&nbsp;<em>unknown<\/em>. However, scientists and researchers are researching to uncover other possible causes, such as&nbsp;<em>genetic<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>environmental<\/em>&nbsp;factors.<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is Parkinson\u2019s disease inherited?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Although in most cases Parkinson\u2019s disease is&nbsp;<em>not necessarily<\/em>&nbsp;inherited \u2013 i.e. transferred from the parent to the child \u2013 researchers have found that people with a first-degree affected relative, i.e. a parent or sibling,&nbsp;<em>have a 4-9% higher chance&nbsp;<\/em>of developing Parkinson\u2019s compared to others.[iv]<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>What this means is that if a person\u2019s parent has Parkinson\u2019s, their chances of getting it are 4-9%higher compared to others.<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>How is Parkinson\u2019s disease diagnosed?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Parkinson disease is diagnosed after a thorough&nbsp;<em>neurological examination<\/em>. This is best done by a&nbsp;<em>neurologist<\/em>&nbsp;who is a movement disorder specialist. As several diseases can mimic the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease, it is important to exclude these after a thorough clinical examination and appropriate tests, such as&nbsp;<em>brain imaging<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>What other diseases can mimic the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>There are many diseases that can mimic the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease. Their treatment is different from that of Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Some of the diseases whose symptoms may resemble the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease are:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li>&nbsp;Brain infections<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Diffuse Lewy Body Disease<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Dystonic tremor (hands, arms, legs, jaw)<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Essential tremor<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Huntington disease<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Multiple System Atrophy<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Neuroleptic drug use<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Progressive Supranuclear Palsy<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Strokes<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;SWEEDS<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>How is Parkinson\u2019s disease treated?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>Unfortunately, there is&nbsp;<em>no cure<\/em>&nbsp;for Parkinson\u2019s disease as of now. However, there are several&nbsp;<em>treatment options<\/em>&nbsp;available to manage the symptoms, such as:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&nbsp;Medication<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Surgery<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;Supportive Therapies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>What this means is that treatment options can help control the symptoms so that a person with Parkinson\u2019s disease can maintain as normal a life schedule as possible \u2013 through treatment including supportive therapies.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>As research continues to find a cure for Parkinson\u2019s disease, studies have demonstrated that if treatment is started immediately or shortly after diagnosis, the quality of life of a person with Parkinson\u2019s (PwP) can be managed more effectively.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Symptoms can usually be controlled effectively via a&nbsp;<em>combination of therapies<\/em>, which may include:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><em><strong>Medication:<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;Medication is used to increase the levels of dopamine (a neurotransmitter chemical) that reaches the brain, stimulate the parts of the brain where dopamine works, and block the action of other chemicals that affect dopamine (like acetylcholine) \u2013 through drugs like:<\/p>\n<br>\n<ul>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Levodopa (the most widely prescribed medication)<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Amantadine\/Dopaminergics<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Anticholinergics<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;COMT Inhibitors<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Dopamine Agonists<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAO-B inhibitors)<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<br>\n<p><em><strong>Surgery:<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;Surgery can benefit&nbsp;<em>some<\/em>&nbsp;people by improving certain symptoms and reducing the need for medications (sometimes). Although surgery is effective for a small group of people and does not provide a cure for Parkinson\u2019s, it can help control symptoms better.But even after successful surgery, a person with Parkinson\u2019s needs to take continuous medication. The two main types of surgeries used to manage Parkinson\u2019s are:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS)<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Lesioning<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Although Stem Cell Therapy for treating Parkinson\u2019s disease is being heavily researched, it is not yet a recommended treatment option anywhere in the world.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><em><strong>Supportive Therapies:<\/strong><\/em>A combination of supportive therapies, i.e. exercises and treatments \u2013 by trained professionals \u2013 can help improve the overall quality of life and keep a person with Parkinson\u2019s (PwP) active and healthy via:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p><em><strong>Physiotherapy<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to improve general health and fitness \u2013 and decrease slowness in movement, stiffness, gait and balance problems.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Yoga<\/strong><\/em>\u2013 to gently increase flexibility and balance \u2013 via stretching movements and poses.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Speech Therapy<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to improve clarity and volume of speech \u2013 via tips and techniques for better communication.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Occupational Therapy<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to help perform these tasks more easily via changes and modifications:<\/p>\n\n<ul><li><p>&nbsp;dressing up<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;eating<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;writing<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;personal hygiene<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;getting up from a bed, car, chair etc.<\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Diet and Nutrition<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to help ease symptoms such as constipation (very common), difficulty in swallowing and eating, heartburn, etc. \u2013 by eating a healthy and appropriate diet to enhance the effect of medication.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Counselling\/Psychotherapy<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to help adjust to current conditions and improve the quality of life through different means.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Cognitive Rehabilitation<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to help address problems like forgetfulness, difficulty in concentrating and paying attention, planning, etc. \u2013 via appropriate tips and strategies.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Creative Therapies<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 to promote a sense of well-being via art, music and dance. Dance and movement therapy (DMT) is playing an increasingly important role with physiotherapy to improve movement related problems.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Pet therapy<\/strong><\/em>&nbsp;\u2013 (through dogs, cats, etc.) can help increase flexibility, movement and \u2013 just as importantly \u2013 emotional health.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Meditation <\/strong>\u2013<\/em>to reduce stress and pain, and improve general sense of well-being.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>How can I help a relative who\u2019s just been diagnosed with Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>If someone in your family has been recently diagnosed with Parkinson\u2019s disease, you should:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<ul>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Discuss the state of your relative with a qualified medical professional<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Get a proper medical check-up<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Strictly follow the medical practitioner\u2019s advice<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Help provide proper assistance in daily living activities<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Motivate the relative to pursue the treatment<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Ensure a caring and friendly family environment<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Maintain a diary to note down the&nbsp;<em>dos<\/em>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<em>don\u2019ts<\/em>&nbsp;so that important suggestions and instructions are followed<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Consider&nbsp;<em>Supportive Therapies&nbsp;<\/em>(appearing under&nbsp;<em>How do you treat Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/em>&nbsp;above<em>)<\/em><\/p><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"900\" height=\"420\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jsnKP04x-FI\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen=\"\"><\/iframe><br><br>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Can people die from Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although Parkinson\u2019s disease is a progressive disorder, it is&nbsp;<em>not<\/em>&nbsp;a fatal disease.<\/p>\n\n<p>Since symptoms tend to worsen over time and make life difficult, people with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PwP):<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&nbsp;experience a&nbsp;<em>decreased quality of life<\/em>&nbsp;by not being able to perform daily movement related functions, such as getting out of bed unaided and driving<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;may eventually be forced to&nbsp;<em>stop working<\/em>&nbsp;due to progressively disabling symptoms<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>What are some interesting facts about Parkinson\u2019s disease?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p>A few interesting and&nbsp;<em>less known facts<\/em>&nbsp;about Parkinson\u2019s disease are:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>&nbsp;Google co-founder Sergey Brin carries the Parkinson\u2019s disease gene,[v] which makes him genetically more susceptible to the disease by 20-80%.<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;The Parsi community in Mumbai has among the world\u2019s highest incidences of Parkinson\u2019s disease (affecting about 328 out of every 100,000 people[vi]).<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;Men are 50% more likely to develop Parkinson\u2019s disease than women.<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;Japan is the only country in the world where women are considerably more likely to develop Parkinson\u2019s disease than men.[vii]<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;Ayurveda medication was being used in India 4500[viii] years ago to treat the symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease (<em>L-dopa&nbsp;<\/em>and&nbsp;<em>Mucuna Pruriens<\/em>).<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;The risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease is reduced by cigarette smoking[ix]\u2013though it is definitely<em>not<\/em>recommended!<\/li>\n<br>\n<li>&nbsp;Red haired people have about double the risk of developing Parkinson\u2019s Disease.[x]<\/li><\/ul><br>\n<p><strong>Some famous people with Parkinson\u2019s disease include:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>&nbsp;Yasser Arafat \u2013 Palestinian politician<\/p><\/li>\n\n<li><p>&nbsp;Mao Zedong \u2013 Chinese Dictator<\/p><\/li>\n\n<li><p>&nbsp;Muhammad Ali \u2013 American boxer and former world heavyweight champion<\/p><\/li>\n\n<li><p>&nbsp;Salvador Dal\u00ed \u2013 Spanish artist<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Deng Xiaoping \u2013 Chinese politician<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Adolf Hitler \u2013 German dictator<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Pope John Paul II \u2013 Pope of the Roman Catholic Church<\/p><\/li>\n<li><p>&nbsp;Michael J Fox \u2013 Hollywood actor<\/p><\/li><\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>How can Parkinson\u2019s disease be prevented?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Since the exact cause of Parkinson\u2019s disease in not known, proven ways to prevent it are also&nbsp;<em>not known<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>However, research has shown that&nbsp;<em>the 3 things<strong>[xi]<\/strong>&nbsp;<\/em>that may help reduce the chances of developing Parkinson\u2019s disease are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Caffeine \u2013 found in coffee, tea, chocolate and some energy drinks<\/li>\n<li>Green Tea<\/li>\n<li>Regular Aerobic Exercise<\/li><\/ul>\n<br>\n<p><em>Drinking Coffee May Reduce Chances of Developing Parkinson\u2019s Disease \u2013 by 5 Times<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>According to the Journal of American Medical Association, a 30-year experiment in Honolulu found that&nbsp;<em>\u201cmen who did not drink any coffee were five times more likely to exhibit symptoms of Parkinson\u2019s disease than men who drank more than 28 ounces of coffee each day.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u201cConsumption of caffeine from other sources such as green tea, black tea, chocolate and soda was also associated with a lower risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease.<strong>[xii]<\/strong>\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n<p>[i]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.webmd.com\/parkinsons-disease\/news\/20040317\/men-more-likely-to-get-parkinsons-disease\">Parkinson\u2019s Disease Health Center \u2013 WebMD<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>[ii]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3681179\/\">Genetic basis of Parkinson\u2019s disease: inheritance, penetrance, and expression<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[iii]&nbsp;Center for Rehabilitation and Education through Distance Mode (CREDM), an autonomous institute under the Ministry of Health &amp; Family Welfare, Govt. of India<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[iv]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/parkinsons.about.com\/od\/diagnosingpd\/fl\/Genetics-Testing-in-Parkinsons-Disease.htm\">Genetics Testing in Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[v]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.wired.com\/2010\/06\/ff_sergeys_search\/\">Sergey Brin\u2019s Search for a Parkinson\u2019s Cure<\/a><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>[vi]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/ijnpnd.com\/article.asp?issn=2231-0738;year=2013;volume=3;issue=3;spage=254;epage=262;aulast=Gupta\">International Journal of Nutrition, Pharmacology, Neurological Diseases<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>[vii]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.journalofparkinsonsdisease.com\/blog\/neuroscientists_corner\/interview-caroline-tanner\">Journal of Parkinson\u2019s Disease<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>[viii]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/forum.parkinson.org\/index.php?\/topic\/19169-mucuna-pruriens-as-a-natural-l-dopa-alternative\/\">National Parkinson Foundation<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[ix]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.medscape.com\/viewarticle\/746713\">Medscape \u2013 Can Nicotine be Used Medicinally in Parkinson\u2019s Disease?<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n<p>[x]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\/hpfs\/pdfs\/09News.pdf\">Harvard School of Public Health (Newsletter)<\/a><\/p>\n\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[xi]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/parkinsons-disease\/basics\/prevention\/con-20028488\">Mayo Clinic<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>[xii]&nbsp;<a style=\"color: blue;\" href=\"https:\/\/faculty.washington.edu\/chudler\/parkinc.html\">Does Drinking Coffee Prevent Parkinson\u2019s Disease?<\/a><\/p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Parkinson disease? Parkinson\u2019s disease is a chronic neurological disorder characterized mainly by problems with body movements, although other symptoms may also be present. It is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer\u2019s disease, and one of the most common movement disorders. &nbsp; It occurs when the brain\u2019s nerve cells (called neurons) degenerate, leading to a shortage of dopamine \u2013 a neurotransmitter involved in controlling body movements. &nbsp; As Parkinson\u2019s progresses with time, the amount of dopamine produced by the brain decreases, leaving a person unable to control movement normally. &nbsp; Parkinson\u2019s disease is life altering but not&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":17306,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-senior-living"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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